| 0 | | Feast of St. Jerome, Patron of Biblical Scholars, Archaeologists, Archivists, Libraries and Librarians, and School Children |
| 489 | | Battle of Verona: King Odoacer of Italy defeated by Theodoric the Ostrogoth |
| 1158 | | Battle of Galloway: Roland defeats Gilcolm |
| 1659 | | Robinson Crusoe was shipwrecked, fictionally, on his equally fictional 32nd birthday |
| 1691 | | The French capture Strasbourg |
| 1707 | | Austrians take the fortress of Gaeta (Kingdom of Naples) from the Spanish by storm |
| 1745 | | Battle of Soor: Prussians defeat the Austrians |
| 1777 | | Congress flees to York as the British advance in Pennsylvania |
| 1787 | | the merchant ship 'Columbia' left Boston on the first American round-the-world voyage (1787-1790) |
| 1797 | | the Neapolitan Army liberated Rome from the French -- Learn More |
| 1857 | | US annexes Sand, Baker, Howland, & Jarvis Is, south of Hawaii, under the provisions of the Guano Act |
| 1862 | | Battle of Newtonia, Ms |
| 1864 | | Battle of Preble's Farm/Poplar Springs Church, Va, |
| 1867 | | Midway Island formally declared a US possession |
| 1899 | | Admiral of the Navy George Dewey received a tumultuous reception in New York -- Learn More |
| 1912 | | the former Spanish cruiser 'Reina Mercedes' became the US Navy station ship at Annapolis -- Learn More |
| 1913 | | Treaty of Constantinople: The Bulgarians conclude peace with the Ottoman Empire, ceding eastern Thrace |
| 1914 | | the U.S. Army disbanded the Seminole Negro Indian Scouts, after 44 years of service -- Learn More |
| 1936 | | USS 'Brooklyn' (CL-40) commissioned, in Brooklyn (where else?) |
| 1938 | | Munich Agreement: Czechoslovakia surrenders Sudetenland to Germany |
| 1942 | | Japanese make their first airstrike against Adak, in the Aleutians. |
| 1944 | | Calais liberated by Allies |
| 1946 | | Judgement at Nuremberg: 22 Nazi leaders found guilty |
| 1949 | | Berlin Airlift ends after 277,000 flights |
| 1949 | | the U.S. Army disbanded the Philippine Scouts -- Learn More |
| 1951 | | USS 'Monitor', sunk Dec 31, 1862, formally declared "out of commission" |
| 1954 | | USS 'Nautilus' (SSN-571) is commissioned |
| 1966 | | Nazi war criminals Albert Speer & Baldur von Schirach released from Spandau prison after 20-years |
| 1966 | | Britain's Bechuanaland Protectorate became independent as the Republic of Botswana -- Learn More |
| 1993 | | Chairman of the JCS Gen. Colin Powell retires |
| 1227 | | Girolamo Masci -- Pope Nicholas IV (1288-1292) |
| 1627 | | Robinson Crusoe, fictionally |
| 1788 | | FitzRoy James Henry Somerset, later FM Lord Raglan, d. 1855 -- Learn More |
| 1805 | | Samuel Peter Heintzelman, Maj Gen, U.S., d. 1880 |
| 1827 | | Kenner Garrard, Brig Gen, U.S., d. 1879 |
| 1863 | | Reinhard Scheer, German admiral who commanded the High Sea Fleet at Jutland, d. 1928) |
| 1917 | | Chung Hee Park, general, Pres of Korea (1961-79), assassinated |
| 1934 | | Elie Wiesel, Survivor, Peace Nobelist (1986), d. 2016 |
| 420 | | Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus - St. Jerome, c. 75, Doctor of the Church, translator of the Bible into Latin, in Bethlehem |
| 1246 | | Grand Prince Yaroslav II of Vladimir (1238-1246), 55 |
| 1835 | | Gen. George Duncan Gordon, 5th Duke of Gordon, 42nd Highlanders “The Black Watch” and 92nd Highlanders “The Gordon Highlanders”, at c. 90 -- Learn More |
| 1877 | | Toohoolhoolzote, c. 50-55, prophet of the Nez Perce, kia |
| 1888 | | Elizabeth Stride (44) and Catherine Eddowes (46), Jack the Ripper's third and fourth known victims |
| 1891 | | Georges Ernest Jean-Marie Boulanger, 54, French general, frustrated putchist, suicide on the grave of his mistress |
| 1974 | | Carlos Prats, 59, former Chilean vice-president and commanding general, assassinated in Buenos Aires by agents of Pinochet |